Chimney anatomy

01 · Chimney cap

A chimney cap sits on top of the chimney and prevents rain, debris, and animals from entering.

• Cap can become dislodged or damaged by weather
• Corrosion or rust can occur over time
• Blockages from nests or debris if the cap is missing or inadequate

02 · Crown

The chimney crown is the sloped top surface of the chimney that directs water away from the brick and mortar.

• Cracking due to weather exposure
• Water leaks can develop from gaps or poor construction
• Deterioration over time affecting water drainage

03 · Flashing

Flashing is a seal between the chimney and roof, preventing water from seeping into the house.

• Leaks can develop if flashing is improperly sealed
• Corrosion or rust due to weather exposure
• Damage from shifting or settling of the structure

04 · Brick and mortar

The bricks and mortar make up the main structure of the chimney and give it stability.

• Bricks can crack or spall from freeze-thaw cycles
• Mortar joints can deteriorate, leading to loose bricks
• Moisture penetration causing internal damage

05 · Flue liner

The flue liner protects the chimney walls from heat and corrosion while guiding smoke and gases out.

• Cracked or damaged liners reducing efficiency
• Creosote buildup posing fire risks
• Improper sizing impacting draft

06 · Smoke chamber

The smoke chamber funnels smoke from the firebox to the flue, improving draft efficiency.

• Cracks or gaps reducing effectiveness
• Creosote buildup increasing fire risk
• Poor design causing downdrafts

07 · Damper

The damper is a movable plate that controls airflow in the chimney, helping to maintain draft and conserve heat.

• Sealing issues causing heat loss
• Corrosion or rust hindering operation
• Misalignment affecting proper closure

08 · Firebox

The firebox is where the fire burns and is designed to contain heat safely.

• Cracks in the brick or mortar from heat stress
• Damage from creosote buildup
• Wear from frequent use leading to inefficiency